General networking terms

API (Application Programming Interface)
A software component that allows applications to share data and functionality
CA (Certification Authority)
A trusted entity that issues, signs, and stores digital certificates
CIDR (Classless Inter-Domain Routing)
An Internet Protocol addressing method that improves the efficiency of allocating IP addresses
CLI (Command-line Interface)
A text-based interface for applications and operating systems that allows a user to enter commands
DNS (Domain Name System)
The system by which computers and other devices on the Internet or Internet Protocol networks are uniquely identified using names matched to their IP addresses
Fault tolerance
A system’s ability to continue operating without interruptions in the event of a hardware or software failure
IP address
A unique numerical label assigned to a networked device
IPFIX (Internet Protocol Flow Information Export)
A protocol that standardizes Internet Protocol flow information from networked devices
LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol)
An open, cross platform protocol used to authenticate and store information about users, groups, and applications
MAC (Media Access Control) address
A unique hardware identifier typically assigned by manufacturers to network adapters and devices
OVF (Open Virtualization Format)
An open-source standard for packaging and distributing virtual machines and software applications
Packet
A block of data transmitted across a network
Redundancy
Duplicated or alternative network devices and connections meant to serve as a failsafes against the primary service becoming unavailable
Router
A device that forwards or routes data packets to devices on a network
Server
A system or device that provides resources, data, services, or applications to other devices over a network
SSH (Secure Shell Protocol)
A network communication protocol that allows network services to be used securely over an unsecured network
SSL (Secure Sockets Layer)
A protocol for establishing secure connections between networked devices
Switch
A device that connects devices in a network and allows them to communicate with each other
Syslog
A standard for message logging that allows a wide variety of networked devices to share the same repositories and management systems
UDP (User Datagram Protocol)
A communication protocol used by applications to send messages to other hosts on an Internet Protocol network via low-latency, loss-tolerating connections
Virtual appliance
A pre-configured virtual machine image with pre-installed software meant to serve a specific function